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"Read to learn about darkness,
write to spread around brightness."
Özler Aykan
art is life...
life is art
WRITE A STORY
FOR CHILDREN
STUCK IN AREAS OF CONFLICT
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PSYCHOANALYTIC TECHNIQUE EXPANDED:
A Textbook on Psychoanalytic Treatment
Vamık D. Volkan
Paperback - Hardcopy
Page : 322
First edition : 22 October 2010
Second edition : July 2011
Language: English, Russian, Turkish, German
ISBN-13: 978-9944-5461-5-7
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Vamık D. Volkan
Dr. Vamık Djemal Volkan was born to Turkish parents in Cyprus. He received his medical degree from Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. He immigrated to the United States in 1957, where he did his internship, psychiatric residency, and psychoanalytic training. He became a faculty member at the University of Virginia School of Medicine in 1963 and, upon his retirement, became an Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry in 2002.
While a faculty member, he served asthe Medical Director of the University of Virginia's Blue Ridge Hospital for eighteen years. Blue Ridge Hospital, an inpatient facility for psychiatric disorders, physical rehabilitation, geriatrics, epilepsy, and drugand substance abuse, was an integral part of the University of Virginia Health Sciences Center from 1978 to 1995. Dr. Volkan played a key role in itsdevelopment. On the Blue Ridge grounds, there were outpatient facilities for adult, child, and family psychiatry. The Highlands Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biofeedback Clinic, Forensic Psychiatry Clinic, Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Public Policy, the Center for the Study of Mind and Human Interaction, and the Sleep and Dream Laboratory were all segments of the Blue Ridge Hospitalcomplex. The hospital was closed in 1996 when the clinical activities were transferred to the main campus of the University of Virginia's Health Sciences Center.
In 1987Dr. Volkan created a center under the umbrella of the University of Virginia's School of Medicine: "The Center for the Study of Mind and Human Interaction (CSMHI)." This center was the first of its kind. The faculty consisted of psychiatrists, psychoanalysts, psychologists, as well asformer diplomats, political scientists, historians, and others. Dr. Volkan’s aim was to expand the concept of "preventive medicine" to include an examination of societal responses to massive aggression due to wars or war-like situations and to develop methods to "vaccinate" large-groups against violent acts. CSMHI had grants for projects in Soviet Union, Baltic Republics, Albania, Kuwait, former Yugoslavia, Georgia, South Ossetia, Turkey, Greece, the USA and other locations. Dr. Volkan directed CSMHI from 1987 until his retirement in 2002.
Dr. Volkan was a founder of the International Society of Political Psychology (ISPP). ISPP draws its membership from many disciplines: Psychology, political science, sociology, psychiatry, history, and anthropology. It transcends academic and professional boundaries by serving as a meeting ground for scholars in academia and persons working in government and public post. ISPP’s Constitution was written during his tenure as President.
Starting in 1989, Dr. Volkan alsoserved asa member of the Carter Center’s International Negotiation Network (INN) under thedirection of former USA President Jimmy Carter. 1987, President Jimmy Carter founded INN a flexible, informed network of eminent persons, conflict resolution practitioners, Nobel Peace laureates and former heads of state, dedicated to resolving international conflicts through peaceful means.
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About This Book :
This book is designed to be a serious educational tool for both students and instructors of psychoanalytic treatment and for anyone who is interested in studying how psychoanalysis as a technical tool is applied to better individual lives. Since many fine books already exist on psychoanalytic technique, the reader may ask why I wrote another one on this topic and what makes this book different from other books of its kind? I will begin to answer these questions with a brief account of my career as a psychoanalyst
While working with a younger generation of psychoanalysts during the last decade or so, often I noted their investment in this or that school of psychoanalytic thought, and I was puzzled by a stubborn “competition” among them. The new “growth of pluralism” has its benefits and pitfalls. I perceive questioning some classic assumptions and introducing new ways of understanding human psychology as an enriching process. At times, however, the new “growth of pluralism” has supported resistances against examining some unconscious material in depth. I began thinking that a book on technique that does not focus on any one psychoanalytic school would be welcome. The best way to understand present-day psychoanalytic practice is to examine well-known technical concepts and review, discard, or update them. In this book I try to do this. I also highlight some special areas not studied in depth in the past, such as the intertwining of ethnic, national, or religious history with the internal world and the role of “action” in getting well.
In this book, I have chosen case examples to illustrate each technical concept, several spanning the first day to the last of analysis (with necessary but minor changes in external realities in order to protect the analysands’ privacy). While telling these psychoanalytic stories, I write about what comes to the analyst’s mind as he or she listens to the analysand and keeps an eye on the analytic process, while having a most intimate relationship with the person on the couch. This allows the reader to question the validity of the link between clinical observations, the psychodynamic understanding of them, and the technical considerations based on such observations. This approach, I hope, increases the students’ and instructors’ focus on how to look at the clinical data, how to understand it psychodynamically, and how to respond to it therapeutically. Teachers will have an opportunity to compare their own ways of conducting psychoanalytic treatments with those described in this volume. The students will learn to question my ways of conducting psychoanalysis as well as their own. In writing this book, I provide a version of the “Field-Work” method of teaching, questioning and learning the psychoanalytic technique.
Early in this book, I go back to Freud’s original thoughts, review and update them, modify some according to newer findings, and discard others. I focus on the dynamic unconscious, try to notice the influence of unconscious fantasies on the patient’s adaptations or maladaptations to life, and examine dreams, fleeting thoughts, and body language. I do not forget that there are always two persons in the analyst’s office. After examining practical and technical issues connected with the analytic process that a person with a neurotic personality organization goes through, I turn my attention to the analytic treatment of individuals who posses other types of personality organizations whose transference manifestations, when ripened, do not culminate in a typical transference neurosis. Rather, they manifest other types of, and sometimes overwhelming, transferences that are less familiar to the analyst, while stimulating more disturbing countertranference responses.
This book is on psychoanalytic technique for analyzing individuals with various types of personality organizations and various types of unconscious fantasies. I illustrate expected clinical manifestations during analysis and the modification of technique in analyzing individuals with different types of internal structures. While I am aware that learning about the psychoanalytic technique and psychoanalytic process is most useful for those who practice psychodynamic psychotherapy, this book is not about supportive psychotherapeutic techniques. The psychoanalytic technique modifies an analysand’s internal world and builds a new psychological structure.
I suggest that those who will use this book as a tool for questioning and learning psychoanalytic technique and for comparing their way of doing analysis with what they find in these pages, read the book slowly. Although I begin with rather elementary topics such as setting up an analytic office, I hope that the reader will be patient since soon we will tackle much more complicated issues. In writing this book, what comes to my mind is: before I try to paint like Picasso, I should first learn to paint a face that is quickly and easily recognizable as a face by everyone who looks at it.
Endorsements:
“A new book by Vamık Volkan is always a cause for celebration. His writing takes the reader to the heart of psychoanalysis—the elucidation and working through of core unconscious fantasies and conflicts. Volkan avoids the pitfalls of parochialism as he cogently describes effective psychoanalytic work. Psychoanalytic Technique Expanded should become the standard textbook of psychoanalysis. Generations of psychoanalysts will be in Volkan’s debt.”
Richard M. Waugaman, M.D.,
Training and Supervising Analyst Emeritus, Washington Psychoanalytic Institute;
Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C.;
Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Washington, D.C., USA.
“This excellent book covers technical issues in psychoanalysis from the first to last moments of the analytic dyad. This is especially illuminating as it expands clinicians’ views not only on the depths of the individual human psyche, but on how it is affected by societal issues—culture, ethnicity, religion, and history — and how these factors manifest in the psychoanalytic setting. Volkan’s insights contribute much to the evolution of current psychoanalysis, and are crucial to psychoanalytic training and supervision if we are to fully analyze patients in the 21st century."
Işıl Vahip, M.D., FACPsa.
Professor of Psychiatry, Ege University, Izmir.
(Turkey)
“In this exciting book, a master psychoanalyst makes his innovative “Field Work” teaching technique available to all of us. We can, figuratively, sit outside the one-way mirror to watch Dr. Volkan treat people with neurotic, borderline, and narcissistic personalities, from start to finish, using both modern and classical psychoanalytic techniques. Not only that, but he explains what he is doing while he is doing it! Dr. Volkan actually answers the perennial questions, "What am I treating?” as well as “What do I say?” and “Why does it work?” Fascinating and extraordinarily illuminating, Psychoanalytic Technique Expanded is unique in offering a bird's-eye view of updated analytic treatment for different types of disorders in the 21st century.”
Jerome S. Blackman, M.D., DFAPA, FIPA, FACPsa,
Training and Supervising Analyst, New York Freudian Society, Washington, D.C.;
Professor of Clinical Psychiatry, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA;
Adjunct Professor of Psychology, Virginia Wesleyan College, Norfolk, VA;
Psychiatry Residency Faculty, Naval Medical Center, Portsmouth, VA;
Author of 101 Defenses: How the Mind Shields Itself and Get the Diagnosis Right:
Assessment and Treatment Selection for Mental Disorders. (USA)
“This book - a culmination of 40 years of experience - is one of the finest books I have read for some years. Dr. Volkan combines his deep and thorough understanding of the individual human psyche with a profound grasp of large-group psychology, a combination that marks this book as a unique contribution to our psychoanalytic literature and posits Dr. Volkan as a singular professional in our psychoanalytic landscape. Keeping a keen eye on the unconscious and on object relations, without neglecting the intersubjective dimensions of the analytic relationship, Dr. Volkan translates and implements many years of experience as a practicing psychoanalyst, supervisor and teacher in a very open, candid and accessible manner which makes this book a gift to teachers as well as students of psychoanalysis.”
Michael Shoshani Rosenbaum Psy. D.,
Training and Supervising Analyst and Founding Chair of the Tel-Aviv Institute for Contemporary Psychoanalysis;
Faculty member of the New York University Program for Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis;
Author of Dare to Be Human: A Contemporary Psychoanalytic Journey.
(Israel)
“The basic questions in the current book are: What am I treating and how am I treating it? Volkan provides us with detailed and well- illustrated material to find the answers to these important and useful questions. His principle in writing the book is: "Before I try to paint like Picasso, I should first learn to paint a face that is quickly and easily recognizable by everyone who looks at it." By examining unconscious material in a deep yet understandable way, he succeeds in his goal.”
"Because of his own exceptional background that includes years of work at high-levels of international diplomacy, Volkan´s understanding about the role of cultural, religious and historical events as well as actualized unconscious fantasies in the formation of individuals’ internal worlds and in analytic journeys is profound and deep and opens up whole new perspectives.
I warmly recommend the book to every psychoanalyst during this period of growing analytical pluralism, a trend that has its benefits and pitfalls. 'Psychoanalytic Technique Expanded' will enrich discussion on psychoanalysis in theory and practice.”
Aira Laine, Lic.Psych.,
Training and Supervising Analyst, Finnish Psychoanalytic Society;
Assistant Director in Training Section of the IPA-EPF Han Groen-Prakken Psychoanalytical Institute for Eastern Europe (PIEE);
Former Secretary of the EPF East European Committee.
(Finland)
“While some may see the era of psychoanalytic pioneers as long past, the present volume might prompt reconsideration. Here psychoanalyst, explorer of cultural identity and consultant to the intersection of individual and international conflicts, Professor Vamık Volkan, teaches psychoanalytic technique. He shares his experience of a cross-section of the clinical phenomena encountered by the psychoanalytic practitioner. This experience is conveyed not just in the brief vignettes common in our literature, but at length in multiple descriptions of the courses of complete analyses. The yield in clinical breadth and depth is substantial and rare. In reading, this book one has the experience of accompanying an analyst with a uniquely seasoned sensibility, the product of a lifetime of reflection on a vast variety of human foibles of every size and shape, through his clinical days, engaging in depth with his analytic caseload. In a relaxed, accessible, and conversational style, with pauses for educational and autobiographical asides, he narrates and we follow patients immersed in analytic treatment from start to finish. For beginning students or experienced psychodynamic clinicians of all schools, there is much here to savor, and there is ample space provided for one’s own appraisals, considerations, and reformulations about what is offered.”
Ralph H. Beaumont, M.D.,
Training and Supervising Psychoanalyst, Oregon Psychoanalytic Institute;
Clinical Faculty, Oregon Health Sciences University. (USA)
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